Author: Juan A. Esteban
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Artificial intelligence and copyright in Europe: what has been decided in 2026
What the 2019 Directive, the AI Act and the European courts say about training AI on protected works, and what remains unresolved.
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Primary source or back cover: how to tell what you are citing
A four-level method for knowing whether you are citing the text, a catalogue record or a back cover before resting an argument on it.
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Technical data sheet, certificate and invoice: what each document does
What the technical data sheet, the certificate of authenticity and the invoice each do when a work leaves the studio, and how to keep them consistent.
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How to invoice the sale of artwork in Spain: VAT and withholding tax
Which VAT applies when selling art in Spain, when personal income tax is withheld, what changes if a gallery is involved and what the invoice must include.
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Structural surplus, explained
What structural surplus is, the relational criterion I propose for distinguishing art, explained without the technical apparatus of the articles.
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How to prepare an artist dossier or portfolio
Qué incluir en un dossier o portafolio de artista, cómo partir del inventario, ordenar la selección de obra y mantener una versión para cada destinatario.
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When a work enters the public domain in Spain
How to work out when a work enters the public domain in Spain, what happens with photographs, anonymous and unpublished works, and what still limits their use.
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How to document the provenance of your own work: a guide for artists
A system for recording, from the studio, the history, documents and movements of each piece.
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Resale right: what an artist receives when their work is resold
When an artist is paid for the resale of their work in Spain, how it is calculated in bands, who pays and why this right cannot be waived.
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How to declare AI use in academic work
What to declare when you use artificial intelligence in academic work, where to place the declaration and a template you can adapt.